^a Come in Rv. 6:1, 3, 5, and 7 (the first four seals), appears to address the horsemen. The creatures do not say Come at the opening of the remaining seals (Rv. 6:9, 12; 8:1). (Also, the writer generally adds to mewhen he is specifically being addressed [see Rv. 1:12; 4:1; 5:5]; and is usually also not spoken to in a loud voice [cf. Rv. 1:10; 5:5; and 7:2], the first where a loud voice is specifically addressed to him, and the other two where it is not].)

^a Gk. σιτος, grain.

^b A day's pay (see Mt. 20:2).

^c Cf. 2 Kgs 7:1 where Elisha prophesies the end of famine and the availability of food at the end of a seige of the city of Samaria during which no food was available: But Elisha said, Hear the word for the Lord: thus says the Lord, Tomorrow about this time a seah of fine flour shall be sold for a shekel, and two seahs of barley for a shekel, at the gate of Samaria (ESV).

^d Safeguard and conserve in a time of shortage?

^a Gr. χλωρος, green or greenish yellow, the color of chlorophyll; here the color of death. Death is the only horseman specifically named, and his name contributes to the description of the color. Both the repulsive color and the name set the fourth horseman apart from the others.

^b Cf. thirds in Rv. 8:7, 9:18.

^c This list would appear to be all the ways man can die. So death isn't only natural death, but would also include disease and accidental death.

^a Gk. εως ποτε, until when.

^a Cf. Zec. 3:3-5 (see Rv. 3:5 note).

^a On sackcloth, the Jewish Encyclopedia says: a coarsely woven fabric, usually made of goat's hair. Note that John the Baptist wore camel's hair (see Mt 3:4; Mk 1:6).

^b Jl. 2:31: The sunlight will be turned to darkness / and the moon to the color of blood, / before the day of the Lord comes – / that great and terrible day! (NET). Quoted in Acts 2:17-21.

^a Gk. βαλλω, to throw.

^b Is. 34:4: All the stars in the sky will fade away, / the sky will roll up like a scroll; [LXX: και ελιγησεται ο ουρανος ως βιβλιον] / all its stars will wither, / like a leaf withers and falls from a vine / or a fig withers and falls from a tree (NET).

^a Gk. αποχωριζω; used of Paul's and Barnabas' estrangement when they parted ways in Acts 15:39.

^b Is. 34:4 (see previous note, Rv. 6:13).

^c See Rv. 16:20.

^a Is. 2:10-21: 2:10 Go up into the rocky cliffs, / hide in the ground. / Get away from the dreadful judgment of the Lord, / from his royal splendor...! / 2:19 They will go into caves in the rocky cliffs / and into holes in the ground, / trying to escape the dreadful judgment of the Lord / and his royal splendor, / when he rises up to terrify the earth.... / 2:21 so they themselves can go into the crevices of the rocky cliffs / and the openings under the rocky overhangs, / trying to escape the dreadful judgment of the Lord / and his royal splendor, / when he rises up to terrify the earth (NET).